212 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
212 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
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NAURU
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 21 km2; land area: 21 km2
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Comparative area: about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
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Land boundaries: none
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Coastline: 30 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Climate: tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
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Terrain: sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs
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with phosphate plateau in center
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Natural resources: phosphates
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Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures
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0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 100%
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Environment: only 53 km south of Equator
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Note: Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in
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the Pacific Ocean--the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and
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Makatea in French Polynesia
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PEOPLE
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Population: 9,333 (July 1991), growth rate 1.4% (1991)
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Birth rate: 19 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 41 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 64 years male, 69 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 2.1 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Nauruan(s); adjective--Nauruan
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Ethnic divisions: Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese
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8%, European 8%
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Religion: Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman
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Catholic)
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Language: Nauruan, a distinct Pacific Island language (official);
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English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and
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commercial purposes
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Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%)
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Labor force: NA
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Organized labor: NA
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: Republic of Nauru
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Type: republic
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Capital: no capital city as such; government offices in Yaren
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District
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Administrative divisions: 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan,
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Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe,
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Yaren
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Independence: 31 January 1968 (from UN trusteeship under Australia,
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New Zealand, and UK); formerly Pleasant Island
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Constitution: 29 January 1968
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Legal system: own Acts of Parliament and British common law
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National holiday: Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
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Executive branch: president, Cabinet
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Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament
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Judicial branch: Supreme Court
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Leaders:
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Chief of State and Head of Government--President Bernard DOWIYOGO
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(since 12 December 1989)
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Political parties and leaders: none
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Suffrage: universal and compulsory at age 20
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Elections:
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President--last held 9 December 1989 (next to be held December
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1992);
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results--Bernard DOWIYOGO elected by Parliament;
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Parliament--last held on 9 December 1989 (next to be held
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December 1992);
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results--percent of vote NA;
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seats--(18 total) independents 18
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Member of: C (special), ESCAP, ICAO, INTERPOL, ITU, SPC, SPF, UPU
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Diplomatic representation: Ambassador-designate Theodore
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Conrad MOSES resident in Melbourne (Australia); there is a Nauruan
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Consulate in Agana (Guam);
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US--the US Ambassador to Australia is accredited to Nauru
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Flag: blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the
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center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist
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side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the
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Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original
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tribes of Nauru
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ECONOMY
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Overview: Revenues come from the export of phosphates, the reserves
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of which are expected to be exhausted by the year 2000. Phosphates have
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given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third
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World--$10,000 annually. Few other resources exist so
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most necessities must be imported, including fresh water from
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Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income
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from phosphates constitute serious long-term problems. Substantial
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investment in trust funds, out of phosphate income, will help cushion the
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transition.
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GNP: over $90 million, per capita $10,000; real growth rate NA%
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(1989)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
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Unemployment rate: 0%
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Budget: revenues $69.7 million; expenditures $51.5 million,
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including capital expenditures of $NA (FY86 est.)
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Exports: $93 million (f.o.b., 1984);
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commodities--phosphates;
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partners--Australia, NZ
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Imports: $73 million (c.i.f., 1984);
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commodities--food, fuel, manufactures, building materials,
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machinery;
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partners--Australia, UK, NZ, Japan
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External debt: $33.3 million
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Industrial production: growth rate NA%
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Electricity: 14,000 kW capacity; 50 million kWh produced,
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5,430 kWh per capita (1990)
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Industries: phosphate mining, financial services, coconuts
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Agriculture: negligible; almost completely dependent on imports for
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food and water
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Economic aid: Western (non-US) countries (1970-1988), $2 million
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Currency: Australian dollar (plural--dollars);
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1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents
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Exchange rates: Australian dollars ($A) per US$1--1.2834 (January
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1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987), 1.4905
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(1986), 1.4269 (1985)
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Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Railroads: 3.9 km; used to haul phosphates from the center of the
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island to processing facilities on the southwest coast
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Highways: about 27 km total; 21 km paved, 6 km improved earth
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Ports: Nauru
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Merchant marine: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 31,261
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GRT/39,838 DWT; includes 1 passenger-cargo, 2 bulk
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Civil air: 3 major transport aircraft, one on order
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Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runway 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: adequate intraisland and international radio
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communications provided via Australian facilities; 1,600 telephones;
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4,000 radios; stations--1 AM, no FM, no TV; 1 Pacific Ocean
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INTELSAT earth station
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Branches: no regular armed forces; Directorate of the Nauru
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Police Force
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Manpower availability: males 15-49, NA; NA fit for military service
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Defense expenditures: no formal defense structure
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