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This document is HYDEPTNT.ASC, placed on December 31, 1991.
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We of KeelyNet wish to thank Mr. Guy Resh for scanning in the Hyde
Patent images (listed with this document under HYDEGIF). Guy also
typed in the complete patent text (this document) to allow
others to easily acquire this remarkable information for study.
The information on the Hyde Free Energy Device was originally shared
with KeelyNet courtesy of our friend Moray B. King and is described
in the paper labelled ZPE3 on KeelyNet. We urge you to freely
distribute this file (or HYDEGIF) to all interested researchers and
would greatly appreciate hearing of your work or that of others in
the Free Energy or Over Unity area.
Note the device as described in ZPE3 claims a 23KW output using
about 3KW to run itself, giving 20KW of Free Energy.
----------------------------------------------------
This patent information typed by Guy Resh for KeelyNet on 12/24/91
Please forward any required corrections via Email to Guy Resh.
* * * * *
UNITED STATES PATENT - HYDE
Patent Number .: 4,897,592
Date of Patent : Jan. 30, 1990
"ELECTROSTATIC ENERGY FIELD POWER GENERATING SYSTEM"
Inventor ......: William W. Hyde, 1685 Whitney, Idaho Falls Id. 83402
Appl. No. .....: 211,704
Filed .........: Jun. 27, 1988
1st Cl. .......: H02N 1/08
U.S. Cl. ......: 322/2 A; 310/309
Field of Search: 322/2 A; 310/309
References Cited
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
2,522,106 9/1950 Fetici ............ 310/309
3,013,201 12/1961 Goldie ............ 322/2 A
4,127,804 11/1973 Breaux ............ 322/2 A
4,151,409 4/1979 O'Hare ............ 250/212
4,595,852 6/1986 Gundlach .......... 310/309
4,622,510 11/1986 Cap ............. 322/2 A X
Primary Examiner - R.J. Hickey
Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Fleit, Jacobson, Cohn, Price, Holman &
Stern
- Page 1 -
ABSTRACT
Externally charged electrodes of an electrostatic generator
induce charges of opposite polarity on segments of a pair of
confronting stators by means of electric fields within which a pair
of rotors are confined during rotation to vary the charge binding
field linkages between confronting rotors and stators by a shielding
action of the rotors in a plane perpendicular to the field flux. A
high electric potential difference induced between the stators
resulting from such rotation of the rotors, is transformed by an
output circuit into a reduced DC voltage applied to a load with a
correspondingly increase current conducted therethrough.
19 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets
ELECTROSTATIC ENERGY FIELD POWER GENERATING SYSTEM
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the generation of electrical power by
conversion of energy from an electrostatic field. The conversion of
energy from a static electric field into useful electrical energy by
means of an electrostatic generator is already well known in the art
as exemplified by the disclosures in U.S. Pat Nos. 2,522,106,
3,013,201, 4,127,804, 4,151,409, and 4,595,852. Generally, the
energy conversion process associated with such prior art electro-
static generators involves the input of mechanical energy to
separate charges so that a considerable portion of the output is
derived from the conversion of mechanical energy. It is therefore an
important object of the present invention to provide an electro-
static generator in which electrical power is derived from the
energy of static electric field with minimized input of mechanical
power.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, static electric fields
are established between electrodes externally maintained at charge
levels of opposite polarity and a pair of internal stator discs
having segmental surfaces that are dielectrically spaced to confine
thereon charges induced by the electric fields. A pair of rotor
discs are rotated within continuous electric fields in planes
perpendicular to the field flux to locationally vary the charge
linkage established by the electric fields between the electrodes
and stator discs. Such changes in charge linkage are effected by
rotation of electrically conductive segments of the rotor angularly
spaced from each other to partially shield the stator discs from the
electric fields. The segments of each rotor disc have charged faces
confronting the electrodes in its field to shield the stator disc
over a total face area that is one-half the total area of the
confronting segment surfaces on the stator disc to which the induced
charges are confined. Charges on the rotors and stators are
equalized by electrical interconnections established through the
rotor shafts. The stator discs are electrically interconnected with
an electrical load through an output circuit transforming a high
potential between the stator discs into a reduced DC voltage to
conduct a correspondingly multiplied current through the load.
- Page 2 -
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING FIGURES
These and other objects and features of the present invention
will become apparent from the following description taken in
conjunction with the preferred embodiments thereof with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which like parts or elements are
denoted by like reference numerals throughout the several views of
the drawings and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a simplified electrical circuit diagram corresponding
to the energy conversion system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side section view of an electrostatic generator
embodying the system in FIG. 1 in accordance with one
embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 3 and 4 are partial section views taken substantially
through planes indicated by section lines 3-3 and 4-4 in FIG.
2.
FIGS 5A and 5B are schematic partial laid out top views of the
electrostatic generator of FIGS. 2-4 under static and dynamic
charge distribution conditions, respectively.
FIG. 6 is an electrical circuit diagram of the output circuit of
the generator shown in FIG. 2 in accordance with one
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings in detail, FIG. 1 diagrammatically
depicts the energy conversion system of the present invention
generally referred to by reference numeral 10. As diagrammed in FIG.
1, the system includes a pair of electrostatic fields 12 and 14
established by electrostatic charges of opposite polarity applied to
electrode plates 16 and 18 from some external energy source. Thus,
the electrostatic field 12 is established between electrode 16 and a
stator disc 20 while the electrostatic field 14 is established
between electrode 18 and a stator disc 22. In accordance with the
present invention, electrostatic charge linkages established by the
flux of the fields between the electrodes and stators are
periodically varied by displacement within continuous energy fields
12 and 14 in response to rotation of their common rotational axis
and the field flux as will be hereinafter described. The rotors are
mechanically interconnected with an electric motor 28, as diagram-
matically illustrated in FIG. 1, for rotation about the common
rotational axis. Electrical energy may be extracted from the
electric fields 12 and 14 during rotation of the rotors 24 and 26 by
motor 28 through an output circuit generally referred to by
reference numeral 30. The output circuit 30 as shown, in FIG. 1 in a
simplified fashion, includes two pair of current conducting diodes
32A, 32B, 34A, and 34B. The diodes of each pair are oppositely poled
and each pair is connected in parallel to one of the stators 20 and
22. The diodes of each pair are also electrically connected across
an electrical load represented by resistors 36A and 36B with
capacitor networks 38A and 38B interconnected between each pair of
diodes by means of which the voltage potential between the stators
20 and 22 is reduced in favor of an increased current through the
electrical load.
- Page 3 -
Referring now to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 in particular, a physical
embodiment of the energy conversion system diagrammed in FIG. 1 is
shown. The electrodes 16 and 18 are in the form of circular plates
or discs made of an electrically conductive metal having external
surfaces 40 and 42 adapted to be charged from the external source as
aforementioned. The internal surface 44 of electrode 18 is thereby
adapted to maintain a positive charge opposite in polarity to the
negative charge of the electrode 16 which is maintained in a stable
ion form within a dielectric surface portion 46 of the electrode 16.
The energy conversion system may be enclosed within an outer housing
48 to which the electrodes 16 and 18 are secured.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, the stators 20 and 22 mounted
by housing 48 in axially fixed spaced relation to the electrodes 16
and 18 are provided with bearings 50 and 52 establishing the afore-
mentioned common rotational rotor axis journaling a powered shaft
assembly having electrically conductive shaft sections 54 and 56 to
which the rotors 24 and 26 are respectively connected. In the
embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the drive motor 28 is mechanically
interconnected with the shaft sections 54 and 56 through an
electrically nonconductive shaft section 58 of the power shaft
assembly for simultaneous rotation of both rotors 24 and 26 at the
same speed and in the same direction about the common rotational
axis perpendicular to parallel spaced planes with which the
electrode and stator discs are aligned. The electrically conductive
shaft sections 54 and 56 are respectively keyed or secured in any
suitable fashion to hub portions 60 and 62 or the rotors and are
provided with flange portions 64 and 66 forming electrical wipers in
contact with confronting surfaces of the stators 20 and 22, which
are inductively charged by the static electric fields 12 and 14 to
equal levels of opposite polarity.
As more clearly seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotor 24 has a
plurality of angularly spaced, field linkage controlling segments 68
projecting radially outwardly from the hub portion 60. Each rotor
segment 68 is made of an electrically conductive metal having a face
70 on one axial side confronting the adjacent electrode 16. The
faces 70 confronting the electrode 16 are charged positively by the
electric field 12 extending between the dielectric surface portion
46 of electrode 16 and the stator disc 20. While the electric field
12 projects through the spaces 72 between the rotor segments 68, the
rotor segments 68 themselves shield portions of the stator disc 20
from the electric field.
The rotor 26 is similarly formed with rotor segments 74 angularly
spaced from each other by spaces 76 through which the electric field
14 extends between the positively charged surface 44 of electrode 18
and the stator 22. The rotor segments 74 of rotor 26 as shown in
FIG. 2, are provided with dielectric surface portions 78 confronting
the internally charged surface 44 of electrode 18. While the rotor
segments 74 are negatively charged by the electric field 14 within
the surface portions 78, they also shield portions of the stator
disc 22 from the electric field as in the case of the rotor segments
68 hereinbefore described. The internal dielectric surface portion
46 of electrode 16 and dielectric surface portions 78 of rotor 26
act as a stabilizer to prevent eddy currents and leakage of negative
charge. Further, in view of the electrical connections established
between the rotors and the stator discs, the charge on each stator
is equalized with that of the charge on its associated rotor.
- Page 4 -
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the stator disc 20 includes a
plurality of segments 82 to which charges are confined, closely
spaced from each other by dielectric spacers 80. The segments 82 are
electrically interconnected with the rotor segments 68 through rotor
shaft section 54. Similarly, the segments 84 of the stator 22 are
electrically interconnected with the rotor segments 74 through rotor
shaft section 56. The stator segments 82 and 84 are therefore also
made of electrically conductive metal. Each of the segments 82 of
stator 20 is electrically interconnected through the output circuit
30 with each of the segments 84 of the stator. The stator discs
being fixedly mounted within the housing 48, centrally mount the
bearings 50 and 52 through which the electrically nonconductive
motor shaft section 58 is journaled as shown in the embodiment of
the invention illustrated in FIG. 2. Further, the total area of the
charged segment surfaces on each of the stator discs is greater than
the total area of the faces 70 or 78 on the segments of each
associated rotor disc 24 or 26. According to one embodiment, the
total charged stator surface area is twice that of the rotor face
area.
According to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG.
6, the output circuit 30 includes the two oppositely poled
capacitive circuit networks 38A and 38B connected across each
aligned pair of stator segments 82 and 84 on the stators 20 and 22
by means of the oppositely poled diodes 32A and 34A. Each of such
capacitive circuit networks includes a capacitor 86, the opposite
sides of which are connected by oppositely poled diodes 88 and 90 to
positive and negative load terminals 92 and 94 across which a
suitable electrical voltage is established for operating an
electrical load. The diode 88 is connected to the junction 102
between diode 104 and one side of capacitor 106. The diode 88 is
also connected to the junction between one side of capacitor 100 and
the diode 32A. The diode 90, on the other hand, is interconnected
with the junction 96 between diode 108 and capacitor 100. Also,
diode 90 is connected to the junction between the other side of
capacitor 106 and the diode 34A. The foregoing circuit arrangement
of capacitive network 38A is the same as that of network 38B by
means of which aligned pairs of the stator segments 82 and 84 have
the electrical potentials therebetween transformed into a lower
voltage across the load terminals 92 and 94 to conduct a higher load
current.
FIG. 5A illustrates the distribution of charges established in
the electric fields 12 and 14 between the electrodes and stators
under static conditions in which each of the rotor segments 68 and
74 is positioned in alignment with one of the stator segments 82 and
84 to thereby shield alternate stator segments from the electric
fields. The charges established by the electric fields are therefore
confined to the faces of alternate stator segments confronting the
electrodes and are equalized with the charges established on and
confined to the shielding faces of the rotor segments confronting
the electrodes by virtue of the electrical interconnection between
the rotors and stators as aforementioned. As depicted in FIG. 5B,
when rotation is imparted to the rotors, the charge linkages
established by the electric fields between the electrodes and
alternate stator segments 82 or 84 are interrupted by the moving
rotor segments 68 or 74 so that previously shield stator segments
become exposed to the fields to reestablish field energy linkages
- Page 5 -
with the associated electrodes. Such action causes electrical
potentials to be established between the stator segments 82 and 84.
It will be apparent from the foregoing description that the
electrostatic energy fields 12 and 14 of opposite polarity are
established maintained between the externally charged electrodes 16
and 18 and the internally charged stators 20 and 22 under static
conditions as depicted in FIG. 5A. During rotation, the rotors 24
and 26 continuously disposed within such energy fields 12 and 14,
exert forces in directions perpendicular to the field flux
representing the energy linkages between electrodes and stators to
cause interruptions and reestablishment of energy linkages with
portions of different stator segments as depicted in FIG 5B. Such
energy linkage locational changes and the charge binding and
unbinding actions between electrodes and stators creates an
electrical potential and current to flow between stators through the
output circuit 30. Thus, the output circuit when loaded extracts
energy from the electric fields 12 and 14 as a result of the field
linkage charge binding and unbinding actions induced by rotation of
the rotors. The stator segments 82 and 84 shielded from the electric
fields by the moving rotor segments 68 and 74 as depicted in FIG.
5B, have electric potentials of polarity opposite to those of the
external electrodes 16 and 18 because of the field linkage charge
unbinding action. Previously shielded stator segments being exposed
to the electric fields by the moving rotor segments, have the same
electric potential polarity as those of the external electrodes
because of field linkage binding action. Since the forces exerted on
the respective rotors by the electric fields 12 and 14 of opposite
polarity act on the common rotor shaft assembly perpendicular to
said fields, such forces cancel each other. The energy input to the
system may therefore be substantially limited to mechanical bearing
losses and windage during conversion of electrostatic field energy
to electrical energy as well as electrical resistance losses and
other electrical losses encountered in the output circuit 30.
Based upon the foregoing operational characteristics, rotation of
the rotors in accordance with the present invention does not perform
any substantial work against the external electric fields 12 and 14
since there is no net change in capacitance thereby enabling the
system to convert energy with a reduced input of mechanical energy
and high efficiency, as evidenced by minimal loss of charge on the
electrodes. It was therefore found that working embodiments of the
present invention require less than ten percent of the electrical
output energy for the mechanical input. Further, according to one
prototype model of the invention, a relatively high output voltage
of 300,000 volts was obtained across the stators. By reason of such
high voltage, an output circuit 30 having a voltage reducing and
current multiplying attribute as hereinbefore described was
selected so as to render the system suitable for many practical
applications.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the
principles of the invention. Further since numerous modifications
and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is
not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and
operation shown and described, and, accordingly, all suitable
modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the
scope of the invention.
- Page 6 -
What is claimed is:
1. An energy conversion system including a pair of electrodes
maintained electrostatically charged at substantially equal
potentials of opposite polarity, stator means mounted in operatively
spaced relation to said electrodes for inducement therein of charges
of opposite polarity through electric fields established by said
equal potentials, power driven rotor means continuously disposed
within said electric fields for receiving charged induced by said
electric fields, means electrically connecting said rotor means to
the stator means for equalizing of said induced charges there-
between, field linkage control means for movably shielding the
stator means from the electric fields during rotation of the rotor
means and output circuit means operatively connected to the stator
means for extracting therefrom an operating voltage in response to
movement of said shielding of the stator means.
2. The system is defined in claim 1 wherein said stator means
includes a pair of axially spaced stator discs respectively linked
electrostatically to the electrodes by said electric fields, the
rotor means including a pair of rotor discs respectively disposed
axially between the electrodes and the stator discs.
3. The system as defined in claim 2 wherein said field linkage
control means comprises angularly spaced segments on the rotor discs
having charged faces shielding portions of the stator discs from the
electrodes.
4. The system as defined in claim 3 wherein each of the stator
discs includes angularly spaced surface portions confronting the
angularly spaced rotor segments and dielectric means between said
surface portions for confining the induced charges thereto, the
surface portions of the stator discs and the charged faces of the
rotor segments being unequal in area.
5. An energy conversion system including a pair of electrodes
electrostatically charged to substantially equal potentials of
opposite polarity, stator means mounted in operatively spaced
relation to said electrodes for inducement therein of charges of
opposite polarity through electric fields established by said equal
potentials, said stator means including a pair of axially spaced
stator discs respectively linked to electrodes by said electric
fields, power driven rotor means continuously disposed within said
electric fields for receiving induced charges thereon, means
electrically connecting said rotor means to the stator means for
transfer of said induced charges therebetween, said rotor means
including a pair of rotor discs respectively disposed axially
between the electrodes and the stator discs and field linkage
control means for variably shielding the stator means from the
electric fields during the rotation of the rotor means, said field
linkage control means comprising angularly spaced segments on the
rotor discs having charged faces shielding portions of the stator
discs from the electrodes, each of the stator discs including
angularly spaced surface portions confronting the angularly spaced
rotor segments and dielectric means between said surface portions
for confining the induced charges thereto, the surface portions of
the stator disc having areas twice that of the area of the charged
faces of the rotor segments and output circuit means operatively
connected to the stator means for establishing an operating voltage
- Page 7 -
in response to said variation in the shielding of the stator means
by the rotor means.
6. The system as defined in claim 5 including a power shaft
assembly on which the rotors are mounted for simultaneous rotation,
said electrical connecting means being formed by electrically
conductive sections of said shaft assembly.
7. The system as defined in claim 6 wherein the charged faces of
the rotor segments on one of the rotors is formed by dielectric
material within which the induced charges of negative polarity are
confined in stable ion form.
8. The system as defined in claim 7 wherein said output circuit
means includes a pair of DC voltage terminals, a capacitive network,
and current blocking diode means coupling the network to the
terminals and to each of the surface portions of the stator discs
for multiplying current conducted between the stator discs while
reducing potentials therebetween to a value equal to the operating
voltage across the DC voltage terminals.
9. The system as defined in claim 2 wherein each of the stator
discs includes angularly spaced surface portions confronting the
rotor and dielectric means between said, surface portions for
confining the induced charges thereto.
10. The system as defined in claim 9 where in said output circuit
means includes a pair of DC voltage terminals, a capacitive network
and current blocking diode means coupling the network to the
terminals and to each of the surface portions of the stator discs
for multiplying current conducted between the stator discs while
reducing potentials therebetween to the operating voltage across the
terminals.
11. The system as defined in claim 1 including a power shaft
assembly on which the rotors are mounted for simultaneous rotation,
said electrical connecting means being formed by electrically
conductive sections of said shaft assembly.
12. The system as defined in claim 3 wherein the charged faces of
the rotor segments on one of the rotors is formed by dielectric
material within which the induced charges of negative polarity are
confined in stable ion form.
13. The system as defined in claim 1 wherein said stator means
and said rotor means respectively have faces confronting each of the
electrodes, and dielectric surface means coating those of the
confronting faces on which the charges of negative polarity are
induced and maintained in a stable ion form for preventing eddy
currents and charge leakage.
14. The system as defined in claim 1 wherein the stator means and
the rotor means have faces continuously exposed to said electric
fields on which the charges of negative polarity are induced, and
stabilizer means for preventing leakage of the induced charges
through said faces.
- Page 8 -
15. The system as defined in claim 14 wherein said stabilizer
means comprises dielectric material on said faces maintaining the
negative charges therein in stable ion form.
16. In an energy conversion system having an electrode of one
polarity maintained at an electrostatic potential, a stator and a
rotor disposed within an electric field established between the
electrode and the stator by said potential on the electrode, means
mounting the rotor for rotation continuously within the electric
field and means electrically interconnecting the rotor and the
stator for equalizing electrostatic charges established thereon
opposite in polarity to said one polarity, the rotor having charged
surface means partially shielding the stator from the electric field
for producing an electric potential on the stator in response to
rotation of the rotor causing movement of the charges established by
the unshielded electric field.
17. The system as defined in claim 16 wherein the stator includes
means for confining electrostatic charges established to surfaces of
greater total area than that of the charged surface means of the
rotor.
18. The system as defined in claim 1 wherein said stator means is
mounted in fixed parallel spaced relation to the electrodes and said
rotor means is rotatable about a rotational axis perpendicular to
said electrodes.
19. In an electrostatic generator having a pair of axially spaced
electrodes with electric fields therebetween establishing
corresponding capacitances, a power driven rotor and means for
electrically interconnecting the rotor with one of the electrodes of
said pair during rotation of the rotor, the improvement residing in
means fixedly mounting both of the electrodes of said pair, said
electric fields being established and maintained by means
respectively applying charge producing potentials of substantially
equal and opposite polarity to the other of the electrodes of said
pair for cancellation of forces exerted by said electric fields on
the rotor, means mounted by the rotor for partial shielding of said
one of the electrodes from said electric fields and means responsive
to rotation of the rotor for extracting an output voltage generated
on said one of the electrodes by movement of said partial shielding
thereof during maintenance of the corresponding capacitances
established by the electric fields.
* * * * *
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