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October 19, 1992
NEMES2.ASC
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This file shared with KeelyNet courtesy of Cal Newman.
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Article from
MAGNETS In Your Future Magazine
1986
Remarkable Nemescope
Made Living Pictures
of the Micro-World
(c)1986 MAGNETS In Your Future Magazine
(Editor's Note: This is the kind of story that thrills even a
crusty old journalist who has spent nearly
30 years scrounging around "unorthodoxy" in an
effort to dredge up facts that cause
consternation; in an effort to provoke the
"I'll be damned!" response from readers. In the
mid-70's I wrote about the Royal Rife microscope
-- a microscope that is still weaving its way
around the pages of underground and off-the-
beaten-path journals. The "tuned light"
microscope of Royal Rife, who was financed by
the Timken steel dollars, was a beauty, no doubt
-- but when compared to the Nemescope, the Rife
device is a mere pretender. This is one of those
stories that this editor rates among the top
10 all-time yarns.
MAGNETS magazine is the perfect forum for this
story. We are on the cutting edge of the most
exciting technology of all -- the phenomena of
permanent magnetism -- and we have an audience
that has already indicated and ability to be open
and critical at the same time; to be scientific
and awed as well.)
By Tom Valentine
The inventor of the Nemescope was a brilliant brain surgeon.
His name was Elmer P. Nemes and he ran the Nemes Research
Laboratories, 4207 West Third Street, Los Angeles 5, California
during the middle 1950's. Unfortunately, he was also an alcoholic.
Page 1
He was killed in a drunken brawl in San Diego in the early 60's
-- he had hit rock bottom, and stayed there.
His invention, the Nemescope, which we are detailing on these pages
in an effort to entice others to recreate this vitally important
work, was stolen from a store called the Bryn Camera Shop on Melrose
Avenue in 1957, ending a remarkable series of experiments and
demonstrations. The device was in the shop to have an electric field
finder installed.
The person responsible for revealing this story to me is the grand
lady of health and nutrition, Betty Lee Morales, 80, a long time
resident of Topanga and an individual with unbridled curiosity who
has been involved in thousands of research projects during her
lifetime. She and her husband were directly responsible for the
remarkable photographs from the Nemescope screen, that you see on
these pages, and her incessant curiosity spurred the inventor to
extra efforts.
"We lost track of the stolen machine in New York," Betty Lee
explained, "and the technology has lain dormant all this time."
Who stole the machine? What role did the secretive segments of the
United States government play? Betty Lee herself was involved with
the Central Intelligence Agency in its earliest years after WWII,
and while representing Dr. Nemes she worked directly with the late
Congressman Craig Sheperd of San Bernardino, who had arranged a
major appropriation for in-depth and clandestine research on the
Nemescope just prior to its theft and subsequent disappearance.
The photographs in this issue were taken directly off a 12-foot by
12-foot screen where the images danced energetically in full color.
The Nemescope projected motion pictures of the micro-world onto the
screen. Every object, in a medium of distilled water on a quartz
slide, projected it's own natural colors -- no dyes were needed.
The photo on the opposite page, for example, is a picture of
molecules of iron nucleate from the juice of a Jade plant,
squeezed for the filming experiment on the spur of the moment by
Betty Lee. The iron nucleates were linked together with a
sparkling, vibrant energy that formed patterns on the screen as the
living juice was photographed and projected.
"The flowing lines of force were clearly visible and very
symmetrical," Betty Lee explained, "but later, when the life forces
in the juice evidently died, there was no energy. The emissions of
energy were silver and gold luminescent and traveled, apparently at
the speed of light."
The Nemescope photos and explanations on these pages speak for
themselves. Now, how did these pictures come about?
Nuclear magnetic resonance had been firmly established a few years
before Dr. Nemes began his experiments with "radiation potentials,
wave lengths of emitted quanta and color spectra."
Here is Dr. Nemes' summary of the invention:
"The specimen which is to be examined by the multiple source
microscope, is bombarded, for example, with two sources of
Page 2
energy. One of these sources is energy at a frequency which
approximates the frequency of one of the radiation potentials
of the material forming the specimen, and the other source
produces energy at a frequency which is slightly different
from the first frequency.
"The energy from the first source impinging upon the specimen
causes the atoms to be excited and to emit quanta of energy of
a frequency which is dependent upon the frequency of the
energy of the first source. The energy from the second source
serves to spread out the frequency of the emitted energy over
a range of frequencies so that a colored light effect is
produced. The colored light effect, which is a highly
magnified image of the specimen being examined, may then be
photographed.
"If desired, for photographic purposes, the spectrum which is
emitted by the specimen being examined may be intensified by
ultra-violet or visible light, comparatively long wave
radiation. This combined light pattern is then enlarged by a
conventional optical system and projected on the screen or
some other suitable device and the composite is photographed
by a camera."
Betty Lee's description may add to our perspective. "The device was
an emission-type microscope -- it depended upon resolution, not
magnification. An electron microscope might get to 16,000X in
magnification, but not have much resolution. You can compare the
images of a gold grid taken with an electron microscope and with the
Nemescope. (Photos on page 28). We projected images that were 5
million X."
Betty Lee's recollection of the key feature of the device is as
follows:
"Dr. Nemes designed a radiation gun, which was the essence of
the machine. I recall that it was a steel pipe about 2 inches
in diameter and about 10 inches long. Holes were bored in it
and semiprecious stones, or jewels representing a different
wave band were set in the pipe. The jewels had to be imperfect
(see item 6 of the inventor's own summary coming up), so we
heated them in an autoclave up to 5,500 degrees F to cause
imperfections."
According to the Nemes papers, U.S. Patent #2,850,661 covers
the first unit of the "short and long wave radiation system,"
that he had devised. The inventor summarized the principles of
his Nemescope in August of 1956, and submitted an
amendment to his patent application, which had been filed in
July 1955.
The summary will be first printed verbatim, then his comments,
unfortunately without accompanying drawings, will also be verbatim.
1. The first unit is a cold cathode tube (lamp) (U.S. Patent
2850661) with multiple filaments directly but separately
charged. The filaments preheat the platinum, gold,
germanium and tungsten targets. The function of this
invention is explained in "Additional Claims on Lamps, Cold
Page 3
Cathode Tube, Reissued to United States Patent Office to
Patent 2850661."
The cathode gun acts as the primary source of illumination
and bombarder of the specimen.
2. The second part of the instrument, which is called the long
and short wave high frequency condenser, contains high
frequency coils, quartz window, filters and radio-
active emitters, electrostatic or electro-magnetic coils,
and also quartz prisms or lenses to focus the relatively
long wave rays.
3. When the specimen is bombarded with a multiple source of
radiation and the proper excitation potential arranged,
the organic or inorganic matter emit an ultra-spectral
image in true colors. Concerning the molecular structure,
diffusion, cohesion and wave length of the examining matter,
the rays can be arranged so that the primary source of
radiation, by adjusting the condenser by wave length or
potential, will induce the appearance of the true image.
4. The radio-active emitter or gun maintains a radium filament
with individual filters for Alpha, Beta and Gamma rays.
Also we could use, if so desired, isotopes such as
carbon 14, cesium and cobalt. The Gamma ray could be
emitted also by interchangeable extra tubes. The radium
crystals and other isotopes also can be melted into the
quartz condenser lens.
Furthermore, shields of very thin plates of gold, aluminum
or platinum can be used to control the radiation.
5. The specimen is under a quartz cover slide, or in the cases
of gases or liquids, is in capillary attachment,
emission attachment or between mica plates or other
transparent useable material. The specimen also could be
examined by the capillary system across high voltage and
temperature changes could be measured indirectly concerning
the examined specimen.
6. Pick-up unit. Fine grain fluorescent screen is incorporated
to a system of optically corrected quartz lenses, thereby
the invisible radiation can be picked up and transferred to
longer rays. The lens could be coated with evaporated
metallic silicate, aluminum, magnesium, boron, etc., with
the mixture of the impure sphalerite single crystals,
activated phosphides of zinc sulphide, zinc cadmium
sulphide, etc. If the pick-up quartz or diamonds have
impurities such as single micro-crystals of metallic
silicate, phosphides of zinc sulphate or zinc cadmium
sulphate, these impurities act as fine grain fluorescent
material. In that case the resolving power could be
increased by such fluorescent impurities that the single
crystals or particles act not only as a fine grain screen
but as individual 360 degree emitters and resolution is
theoretically unlimited and the magnification increases
in proportion. Therefore a single molecule can be
picked up individually and reproduced by spectrum and
Page 4
lines and structure. The single image is directed by
focusing plates or prisms to the reflectors, mirrors, or
single or double prism system and through this set-up only
the preferred image will be picked up by the image amplifying
tube.
7. The amplification system contains: (A) deflecting cathode,
(B) deflecting prism, adjustable by axis. In the
amplification system the amplifying units contain concave
shaped cathodes and plates, silver or rhodium coated,
where not only amplification but further magnification can
be obtained. The plates relative to the cathode are more
positively charged.
The amplification units can be individually separated by
perforated mica sheets (See drawings) and further
correction of the image can be maintained with secondary
and tertiary correcting screens. The final image is
directed to the prism and reflecting system.
8. Additional interchangeable filters can be incorporated to
filter out undesirable rays. Skiatron or equivalent
color sensitive projecting tube is indirectly energized.
Additional lenses can be added for different types of
projection. The previously mentioned amplification
unit, if further magnification or amplification is
desired, can be repeated.
Technically and theoretically, by this system,
resolution depends on the wave length of the selected
short wave radiation sources and the ultra-microscopic
size single crystal-screen. Magnification of such is
unlimited and the instrument is able to maintain images
in full color and spectrum.
Following that summary, Dr. Nemes wrote of his "additional
claims on lamps and the cold cathode tube." His comments may
serve to further our understanding of the technology.
(A) Multiple illuminator filed with the U.S. Patent Office
in 1955. (Docket No. 2470 in 1955 by Harris, Kiech,
Foster, Etc., Patent Attorneys Ser. No. 540, 740 Oct.
17, 1955 Illuminator Mailed Aug. 9, 1956.) Claiming
that the continuous flow of energy can be maintained
by creating an ion differential between two poles of
different materials (metals, gases and some other
elements) which exhibit the K factor, as Boron,
Magnesium, Tungsten, Titanium, Wolfram, Beryllium,
Krypton, Hard Carbon, Zirconium, Gold,
Platinum, Nickel, Aluminum-Sulphate, etc.
As stated in the Work Book, page 47, (between July 11 and
October 10, 1955) a chain reaction takes place and maintains a
continuous electron flow or shorter ray flow after preheating the
cathode with an electric current. The two elements involved
have different behavior and charge. (Ref. page 42; Merk index:
listed 55 different elements, possessing the K factor, as
possible sources of continuous energy production plus a second
element, Magnesium, Aluminum Sulphate, etc., and maintain the flow
without any further charge.)
Page 5
On page 50 of the same Work Book, the inventor shows a drawing of a
Magnesium coated Platinum cathode, energized by a Zirconium arc.
A continuous flow of energy was produced even after the electric
current was cut off. This setup was tested in October 26, 1955.
The enclosed picture from the next page shows schematically the
principle of the cold cathode tube.
The drawing under M 2599, October 26, 1955 explains the
working of the principle by using a set of multiple cathodes and
anodes that can be adjusted to different distances of the emitters.
Therefore, a chain reaction, which can be adjusted to various
frequencies, takes place without further use of external energy.
Drawing No. 13351, Fig. 1 and 2 show the construction of the
instrument.
Said patent application mentions also a gas inlet to the
chamber through which various gases could be injected as
Argon, Helium, Nitrogen, Xenon, Hydrogen or combinations of such.
These could create the same effect as the various coatings of
Magnesium, Boron, Aluminum, Sulphate, etc.
(B) In the construction of the Nemescope the incandescent
energy source was used further only to create a
broader spectrum since the cold cathode radiation was
tested as to its efficiency without the combination of
the primary charge. The presence and maintenance of
the chain reaction was proven as existing between
cathode, anode, and grid without the primary energy
source.
The cooling coil as reported in the cold cathode tube
served the purpose of prolonging the life of the
filaments in the tube. Our setup with the special
arrangement of the targets proved to be capable of
keeping the temperature slightly above room temperature,
whereas, otherwise the temperature would rise to 100<30>C
or higher.
NEMESCOPE ADDITIONAL CLAIMS
In Patent 2850661, Paragraph 39: "It is preferred that the
target be made of platinum or other material having the
property of absorbing oxygen as its temperature increases and
giving off oxygen as its temperature decreases. The absorption of
oxygen by the platinum when the platinum is heating up produces a
cooling action in the surrounding atmosphere and materially reduces
the operating temperature of the filaments of the lamp." An
essential factor in the cooling process was therefore achieved
through the basic nature of the targets and their arrangement.
In the Nemescope the principle of the cold cathode tube has
existed for several years and has been called "black body
energy." The targets (cathode) energized through indirect
heating by the Zirconium arc, consisted of gold and platinum,
tungsten, germanium, etc., and were different in weight (ratio
1.5; 1.01). The Grid consisted of 2 antennae and one rhodium
coated concave mirror in an electromagnetic field, directed
the cathode rays to the center of the beam going through the
axis of the specimen.
Page 6
In the patent of the cold cathode tube No. 2850661 is also
demonstrated a rhodium coated concave mirror behind the target
and the filaments arrangement which serve a double purpose:
(1) to focus the visible ultraviolet rays, etc., to the center
of the spectrum and (2) act as a focusing grid for the cathode
rays.
Finally, in 1959, two years after the prototype unit had been
stolen, Dr. Nemes was encouraged by Betty Lee and his other partners
to write a "construction guide" for his Nemescope. We now reprint
the complete documentation for the first time:
The multiple frequency source called, "Cold Cathode Tube or
Lamp," (A) contains a radium SH and platinum plates S'L & SL.
The wave lengths of the gun become ineffective long before
they reach the specimen, but they do modulate the carrier
frequencies composed of shorter wave lengths of light
radiations. The low frequency light is obtained from filaments
H1 H2 H3 heated to incandescence by 110VAC. The heat produced
by this incandescence is used to indirectly heat the gold and
platinum which starts a reaction between each other. This is
self-sustaining, once started.
These gold and platinum sources must be adjustable. It is
suggested, that they be mounted on screw-mounts, the heads of
which have a 90<39> arm with magnetic tips, to be turned
magnetically through the glass envelope of the cold cathode
tube. To reflect most of the radiation of the chain reaction
between the gold and platinum plates, a coated concave mirror
Mfoc is placed behind the filaments. The focal length of this
mirror is to be such as to focus correctly to the suspended
quartz lenses FL1 in the condenser. This mirror may be
compared to the cathode in the somewhat similar cathode ray
tube, hereinafter referred to as CRT. Therefore it is to be
negatively charged or at 0 reference potential. The subsequent
elements are the intensity control G1 and the focusing grids
or anodes.
At the radiating end of the cold cathode tube a window of
quartz maintains the low vacuum within the cold cathode tube.
The function of subsequent quartz windows QzW1 through QzW5 is
similar. The presence of the following gases is suggested:
helium, Argon, nitrogen, Xenon or a mixture thereof. The
radium gun, opposite the cathode reflector CREF emanates
Alpha, Beta and Gamma radiations, comprising the higher
frequencies.
The structure of the cathode is as follows: if the structural
metal of the cathode is tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, gold,
a plating of rhodium, magnesium, aluminum or beryllium is
suggested; the object being to make the sum total molecular
weight of the structural and coated metal as high as possible,
keeping the ratio of molecular weight as low as possible with
the coating having the lower molecular weight.
The focusing coil Lfoc and the deflecting plates of gold and
platinum Adef1 and Adef2 help insure focus. The mass of the
deflecting plates is not altogether critical, but the ratio of
Page 7
masses is critical in that it must be a ratio of 1.01 of gold
to 1.5 of platinum.
Between the cold cathode and the next component, the condenser
"B", a slot must be left open to allow the insertion of
interchangeable filters. These consist of four different
types. First, a gold and silver leaf (a thickness of
1/10,000th of an inch), transparent filters; third, an
infra-red filter which can be constructed of carborundum, or
any other suitable material; fourth, a blue filter. It is
advised that these be structurally supported by quartz on both
sides, and that these be mounted on a motor-driven circle
which has one position for a neutral filter, composed of
either nothing or black carbon.
Since it is desirable to obtain variable resolutions and since
resolution is directly governed by the wave length of the
radiation passing through the specimen, it is necessary to
vary the wave length. This can be most easily done by
modulating the constant wave length radiations of the cold
cathode tube with a wave length from an electronic oscillator.
For this purpose a coil Mmod has been constructed 90<39> to the
radiation beam. There are plates appropriately connected to
this coil which seem to act as deflecting plates for the
shorter wave length radiations.
There are also focusing lenses mounted adjustably to focus the
radiations. All optical components must be optically
corrected. If these lenses are radium impregnated, the radium
guns would no longer be necessary.
The coating of the lens of the gun can be of any suitable
radio-active material or isotope which emits Alpha, Beta and
Gamma radiations. These are otherwise necessary because the
effective range of Alpha, Beta and Gamma rays is only 3.9c. if
unaccelerated artificially. Around the assembly of the cold
cathode tube and condensers must be constructed a radiation
shield of lead approximately 1/8" in thickness.
After the shield, the sample slide can be inserted. This slide
must be of quartz glass, or some other material more pervious
to short wave length. Here are also mounted two high frequency
parabolic antennae to radiate the electromagnetic frequencies
from the oscillator. These antennae are encompassed radially
(only) by focusing coils.
Close to the axial center of the radiation beam, yet outside
the beam itself, should be mounted one or two small (1/4 watt)
fluorescent bulbs If1. The output of these is not critical,
for through the amplification of three x 1,000,000 their wave
lengths become strong enough to project the image to almost
any distance.
The next unit called image amplifier, "C", contains first some
gold and platinum deflection plates Adef3 and Adef4 and then a
quartz prism P1 unto which the beam is focused by the focusing
lenses FL2.
Page 8
The optical system components can be made of either quartz or
commercial diamond. The quartz must be coated with metallic
silicates, phosphides, etc. The commercial diamond must be
electrostatically charged so as to procure current
amplification due to the inherent impurities in commercial
diamonds. This electrostatic charge has to be in sequential
order of positive-going electrodes in reference to ground; to
avoid repelling the radiation beam. The reverse side of prisms
P1 and P2 are to be mirror coated with conventional materials.
The focusing coil Lfoc in the vicinity of prism P1 should be
adjustable as well as all other focusing coils; that is they
are to be constructed so as to permit axial movement.
The dynodes D1 to D9, inclusive, are the amplifying electrodes
between which a voltage of not less than 18 VDC is to be
maintained. The curvature of the dynodes is to decrease
successively from Dynode 1 to 9.
The correcting screens Rs1 and Rs2 are to be constructed of
mica or quartz which is to be perforated by electro-static
breakdown of the mica, across a spark gap. The holes on the
two screens are to be located so that the beam which passes
through a hole on screen Rs1 does not pass through a hole of
Rs2. The screens are to be coated with suitable phosphorescent
material, then activated by a radio-active source prior to
installation.
The screen Rs1 is to be positioned so that the beam will first
strike the mica and then the coating. This screen is also to
be located at a 90<39> angle to the beam, half way between dynode
D2 and D3. This screen is also to be located in the magnetic
field of the second focusing coil in the vicinity of dynode
D3.
The screen Rs2 is to be so located as to present the coating
first. Prism P2 is to refract the beam from Dynode 9 through
quartz window QzW5 and quartz filter QzFIL which is
interchangeable much like the before mentioned quartz filter.
The lens projecting system FL3 is to project the amplified
image onto the screen.
For further amplification, repeated stages of amplifying tubes
can be used, the only limitation being the supply of voltage.
After sufficient amplification, the image can be photographed
from the screen, or directly from the instrument. For
television closed circuitry, a camera need only be directed
towards the image end of the image amplifying tube and either
color or monochromatic television can be projected.
It is suggested that no orthodox color tube be used for
projection, but that one be used which has been modified with
a radium gun directed toward the cathode of said tube, thusly
the heater of said tube can be eliminated after having heated
the cathode sufficiently. This is to achieve scale resolution
finer than that perceptible by the naked eye.
It is in the interest of science and technology that MAGNETS
has resented this feature. Should the Nemescope, or a comparable
device be forthcoming because of this information, our
Page 9
ability to understand the universe around us will be
considerably enhanced.
Perhaps we might even learn to focus and analyze variations
in magnetic fields, thereby expanding our knowledge
considerably.
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Jerry W. Decker.........Ron Barker...........Chuck Henderson
Vangard Sciences/KeelyNet
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